全球“双碳”目标下，我国煤与生物质气化技术成为能源清洁转型的关键。当前，煤气化技术多元，气流床为主流且有突破，如航天粉煤加压气化炉等应用广泛，生物质气化炉也有三类主流炉型。虽面临原料、机理等瓶颈，但正朝高效、低耗等方向发展，助力实现能源安全与“双碳”目标。同时，我国在超临界水气化、化学链气化等前沿技术取得进展，如青岛能源所化学链气化技术达国际领先。通过政策引领、产业升级推动技术优化，还探索煤与生物质共气化路径。未来，借助智能化等手段，将进一步实现能源清洁、高效利用。
关键词: 双碳目标 / 煤气化 / 生物质 / 气化炉 / 绿色合成气 / 清洁转型
Abstract:
To achieve the global goals towards carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, China's coal and biomass gasification technologies have become pivotal in its clean energy transition. Among the currently diverse coal gasification technologies, fluidized bed gasifiers are the mainstream with new breakthroughs, including the widely applied HT-L gasifiers and three predominant types of biomass gasifiers. Despite their bottlenecks in feedstock and mechanisms, these technologies are advancing towards greater efficiency and lower consumption to meet energy security, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. China has made progress in frontier technologies like supercritical water gasification and chemical chain gasification. One good example is the chemical chain gasification technology of the Qingdao Institute of Energy has been internationally leading. Meanwhile, policy guidance and industrial upgrading are driving technological improvements, while exploring co-gasification pathways for coal and biomass. Future progress in clean and efficient energy use is foreseeable through intelligent technologies.
Keywords: carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals / coal gasification / biomass; gasifier / green syngas / clean energy transition