摘要: 高压设备的法兰和人孔密封结构一般都采用焊接密封，其焊接密封有多种形式，隔膜垫焊接密封为其中之一，因隔膜垫有结构简单、拆卸方便、密封效果好、可靠性高等优点而备受青睐。目前，隔膜垫的螺栓载荷计算与设计形式在国内没有具体标准可依据，只有借鉴参考国外专利商的标准或国内其他焊接形式的标准。在汇总隔膜垫多种计算方法的基础上，用具体的工程实例，将国内压力容器计算软件SW6-2011V5.0新增加的隔膜垫预紧载荷计算方法几种取值选择与国外专利商隔膜垫计算结果做了对比，根据工程设计使用经验合理原则，评估了各种取值方法的特点，以供后续设计者根据实际工程需要或设计安全裕量控制原则进行有效选择，并从隔膜垫宽度、厚度、密封焊缝等技术设计方面提出了需要关注的技术特点，为焊接密封隔膜垫的设计计算提供参考借鉴。
关键词: 高压设备；法兰；隔膜垫；焊接密封；螺栓载荷

Abstract:

The flange and manhole sealing structure of high-pressure equipment are generally welded seals, in many forms, among which is the diaphragm pad welded sealing. It is favored because of its simple structure, easy disassembly, good sealing effect and high reliability. However, there is no specific standard for the calculation and design of its bolt load in China, so we can only refer to the standards of foreign licensors or the standards of other welding forms in China.

On the basis of summarizing various calculation methods of diaphragm pad, with specific engineering examples, the selection of several values of diaphragm pad preload calculation method newly added by the Chinese pressure vessel calculation software SW6-2011 V5.0 is compared with the calculation results of foreign patented diaphragm pad. According to the principle of reasonable experience in engineering design, the characteristics of various value methods are evaluated, so as to provide effective selection for future designers according to actual engineering needs or design safety allowance control principles. It also draws attention to the technical characteristics that need attention in the technical design of diaphragm pad, such as width, thickness and seal weld. It provides a reference for the design and calculation of diaphragm pad welded sealing.
Keywords: high-pressure equipment; flange; diaphragm gasket; welded sealing; bolt load