摘要:
关键词: 化肥废水 / 超滤 / 反渗透 / 工艺优化 / 膜污染控制 / 水资源回用
Abstract: To address issues such as the large volume of discharged chemical fertilizer wastewater, low water resource utilisation, and severe membrane pollution during membrane-based reuse processes, this study studies the biochemical effluent from a large nitrogen fertilizer enterprise. Through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, the study systematically investigates the effects of trans-membrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, and air-flushing intensity during the UF pre-treatment stage, as well as the impact of operating pressure, recovery rate, and feedwater pH value on treatment results during the RO deep treatment stage. It also evaluates the effectiveness of different cleaning schemes. The results indicate an optimal two-step cleaning scheme which outperforms single-step ones. In this “alkali wash (0.5% NaOH) + acid wash (0.5% HCl)” scheme, the UF process parameters are TMP 0.12 MPa, CFV 1.5 m/s with an air-flushing intensity of 0.6 m³/(m²·h), and flux recovery rates for UF and RO membranes reaching 94.2% and 92.5% respectively.
Keywords: fertilizer wastewater / ultrafiltration / reverse osmosis / process optimisation / membrane pollution control / water reuse
为解决化肥废水量大、水资源利用率低及膜法回用过程中膜污染严重等问题，以大型氮肥企业生化出水为研究对象，通过单因素实验和响应面法，系统探究UF预处理阶段的跨膜压力、错流速度、气洗强度，以及RO深度处理阶段的操作压力、回收率、进水pH值对处理效果的影响，并评价不同清洗方案的效果。结果表明：UF最优工艺参数为TMP 0.12 MPa、CFV 1.5 m/s、气洗强度0.6 m³/(m²·h)，采用“碱洗（0.5% NaOH）+酸洗（0.5% HCl）”的两步清洗方案，UF膜和RO膜的通量恢复率分别达94.2%、92.5%，优于单一清洗方案。
关键词: 化肥废水 / 超滤 / 反渗透 / 工艺优化 / 膜污染控制 / 水资源回用
Abstract: To address issues such as the large volume of discharged chemical fertilizer wastewater, low water resource utilisation, and severe membrane pollution during membrane-based reuse processes, this study studies the biochemical effluent from a large nitrogen fertilizer enterprise. Through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, the study systematically investigates the effects of trans-membrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, and air-flushing intensity during the UF pre-treatment stage, as well as the impact of operating pressure, recovery rate, and feedwater pH value on treatment results during the RO deep treatment stage. It also evaluates the effectiveness of different cleaning schemes. The results indicate an optimal two-step cleaning scheme which outperforms single-step ones. In this “alkali wash (0.5% NaOH) + acid wash (0.5% HCl)” scheme, the UF process parameters are TMP 0.12 MPa, CFV 1.5 m/s with an air-flushing intensity of 0.6 m³/(m²·h), and flux recovery rates for UF and RO membranes reaching 94.2% and 92.5% respectively.
Keywords: fertilizer wastewater / ultrafiltration / reverse osmosis / process optimisation / membrane pollution control / water reuse