摘要: 二氧化硅作为一种重要的补强填料，因高比表面积和表面活性，已广泛应用于轮胎、密封件等橡胶和树脂材料中。然而，在不饱和聚酯树脂（UPR）等的应用过程中存在增强性能不足、易开裂、抗冲击韧性差等缺陷，需通过化学改性手段改善其力学性能。通过自制改性二氧化硅（SiO₂-MPS和SiO₂-MPS-AA），系统探究了两种改性二氧化硅对UPR复合材料分散性与力学性能的调控规律。当改性二氧化硅填料含量为0.5%时，SiO₂-MPS可使UPR复合材料拉伸强度提升16.7%；而SiO₂-MPS-AA可使复合材料拉伸强度提升56%、冲击强度提升34.84%。结果表明：对二氧化硅改性能够提高其在UPR基体中的分散性与两相界面结合强度，为UPR的高性能化改性提供了有效路径。
关键词: 改性二氧化硅 / 力学性能

Abstract:

As an important reinforcing filler, silica has been widely used in rubber and resin-based chemical materials, such as tyres and seals, due to its high specific surface area and surface activity. However, in applications involving unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) and similar materials, it still meets such defects as insufficient reinforcement, cracking, and poor impact toughness, demanding the use of chemical modification techniques to improve their mechanical properties. In this study, modified silica (SiO₂-MPS and SiO₂-MPS-AA) is prepared, to systematically investigate the mechanisms by which these two modified silica types regulate the dispersion and mechanical properties of UPR composites. When the modified silica filler content reaches 0.5%, SiO₂-MPS increases the tensile strength of the UPR composite by 16.7%, whilst SiO₂-MPS-AA increases the tensile strength by 56% and the impact strength by 34.84%. The results indicate that modified silica improves its dispersion within the UPR matrix and enhances the interfacial bonding strength between the two phases, thereby providing an effective route for the high-performance modification of UPR.

Keywords: modified silica / mechanical properties / unsaturated polyester resin / silica / coupling agent