随着工业的快速发展,金属材料在各个领域得到广泛应用,但金属腐蚀问题日益严重。超疏水涂层作为一种有效的防护手段,为金属材料的防腐蚀提供了新思路。详细综述了金属材料表面超疏水涂层的研究进展,阐述了耐蚀性无机超疏水涂层、有机聚合物基防腐涂层、有机-无机复合涂层及多功能性防腐涂层的特点。探讨了超疏水涂层在钢、铝、镁以及其他金属材料上的应用及不同制备技术的效果对比。最后展望了超疏水防腐涂层简化制备工艺、增加自修复与主动防腐功能的发展方向,旨在为超疏水涂层的进一步发展和应用提供参考。
关键词: 金属材料 / 超疏水 / 防腐蚀 / 涂层制备
Abstract:
With rapid industrial development, metal materials have been widely applied across various fields, yet metal corrosion issues have become increasingly severe. Superhydrophobic coatings, as an effective protective measure, offer new insights for corrosion prevention in metal materials. This paper provides a detailed review of research progress on superhydrophobic coatings for metal surfaces, elaborating on the characteristics of corrosion-resistant inorganic superhydrophobic coatings, organic polymer-based anti-corrosion coatings, organic-inorganic composite coatings, and multifunctional anti-corrosion coatings. The application of superhydrophobic coatings on steels, aluminum, magnesium, and other metals is examined, along with a comparative analysis of different preparation techniques. Finally, future directions are explored, including simplifying preparation processes and enhancing self-healing and active corrosion protection capabilities, aiming to provide guidance for the further development and application of superhydrophobic anti-corrosion coatings.
Keywords: metal materials / superhydrophobic / anti-corrosion / coating preparation