摘要: 为探讨以针叶类树皮为主的农林废弃物发酵后对镉污染耕地大米中镉含量的影响，通过耕地修复实验室小试、盆栽及大田试验，系统研究FBA修复材料对耕地Cd污染土壤的钝化效果，考察修复材料对作物生长情况、农作物产量、作物中Cd吸收、土壤中Cd有效态含量和土壤中其他理化指标的影响。研究表明：①FBA对水溶液中镉的去除率均在93.3%以上；②添加1%FBA能够促进了农作物分蘖发生；③添加1%FBA土壤中全氮增加30.85%，有机质增加26.61%，有效提高了土壤的肥力；④添加1%FBA的处理组当季稻米中的镉含量均低于0.2 mg/kg。通过研究结果可知，FBA无生物毒性，对种子发芽率、根伸长均有促进作用，不仅能够有效降低稻米中的镉含量，添加材料后的当季水稻镉含量即刻达标，同时修复效果保持稳定，而且具有一定的肥效作用。
关键词: 镉污染耕地；环境安全；耕地安全利用；镉大米

Abstract: In order to understand the effect of fermented agroforestry waste, mainly coniferous bark, on the cadmium content in rice from Cd-contaminated arable land, the paper systematically studies the passivation effect of FBA remediation materials on Cd-contaminated soil through small-scale trials in the arable land remediation labs, potted plants and large-scale field trials. It also investigates the effects of remediation materials on crop growth, crop yield, cadmium uptake in the crops, active state cadmium content in the soil, and on other physical and chemical indicators of the soil. The study shows that: ① FBA removes more than 93.3% Cd in aqueous solution by average; ② Adding 1% FBA can promote the crop tillering; ③ Adding 1% FBA leads to an increase of 30.85% total nitrogen and 26.61% organic matter in soil, which effectively enhances soil fertility; ④ In the group with 1% FBA, Cd contents in rice in the same season are all below 0.2 mg/kg. The results of the study shows that FBA is not biotoxic, but promotes seed germination rate and root elongation, effectively reduces the cadmium content in rice to bring the cadmium content of rice in the FBA-applying season up to standard, and keeps a stable restoration effect. Therefore, it has certain fertilizer efficiency.
Keywords: cadmium-polluted arable land; environmentally safe; safe utilization of arable land; cadmium-containing rice